**EIP-7702** is a Pectra-era Ethereum upgrade (activated May 7, 2025) that introduces a new **"Set Code" or Type 4 transaction**. It lets a regular wallet (an EOA — externally-owned account) temporarily act as a smart contract account for one transaction. The unlocks: **gas sponsorship** (someone else pays the fee), **paying gas in tokens other than ETH** (USDC, project tokens), **transaction batching** (multiple actions in one user signature), and **session keys / delegation** (a dApp can sign on the user's behalf within preset limits). See [/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed](/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed) for the full Pectra story.

What's a "Type 4" transaction?

A new Ethereum transaction format introduced by EIP-7702 that carries an **authorization list** — signed instructions telling the protocol to temporarily install bytecode on the sender's EOA. While the transaction executes, the EOA behaves as a smart contract account; after the transaction completes the original (empty) code is restored. The chain accepts the temporary "set code" only if the EOA owner signed the authorization. Type 4 transactions count is the simplest live measure of EIP-7702 adoption.

Which L2s show meaningful EIP-7702 adoption?

As of 2026-05-27 UTC, the L2s with measurable Type 4 transaction activity tracked by growthepie are listed in the table above. The leader is **Base (747.4k over 30d; 4.37M all-time)**. Adoption depends heavily on **wallet support** — a chain only sees Type 4 transactions if its users' wallets expose EIP-7702 features. Wallets that adopted early (Coinbase Wallet, MetaMask, Rabby) drove most of the initial activity; chains with those wallets in their default user flow have the highest counts.

How does L2 EIP-7702 activity compare to Ethereum L1?

As of 2026-05-27 UTC, Ethereum L1 shows Ethereum L1 (718.6k over 30d; 2.40M all-time). L2 vs L1 activity can go either way depending on the use case: **dApps doing gas sponsorship for onboarding** tend to settle on L2s for cheaper transactions, so L2 Type 4 counts can outpace L1. **Native ETH transfers using EIP-7702 features** (e.g. paying with USDC for gas) often happen on L1 where ETH itself lives. The breakdown shifts as more wallets ship support.

Why does EIP-7702 adoption matter?

EIP-7702 is the most user-visible feature of the Pectra upgrade — it's the change that lets Ethereum dApps offer the kind of UX users get on centralised platforms (no gas token needed, batched approvals, "log in" sessions). High Type 4 transaction counts mean wallets and dApps are actually using the upgrade, not just citing it in announcements. Low counts mean adoption is lagging despite the protocol-level feature being live.

Which use cases drive EIP-7702 transactions?

Several patterns. **Onboarding gas sponsorship** — dApps paying gas for first-time users (often via Paymaster contracts integrated with EIP-7702). **DeFi batching** — combining ERC-20 `approve` + DEX swap into one transaction. **Game and social dApps** — session keys that authorise a series of in-app actions without re-signing each one. **Multi-step bridge UX** — wallets bundling approvals + bridge transactions atomically. Each pattern produces Type 4 transactions; the chain counts on this page sum them all.

Where does this data come from?

Per-chain Type 4 transaction counts come from growthepie's Pectra tracker endpoint (`/v1/quick-bites/pectra-fork.json`) — specifically the `data.type4_tx_count.{chain}.daily` series. Counts are derived from on-chain transaction-type analysis: a transaction is a Type 4 if its `type` field is `0x04` (EIP-7702 Set Code transactions). The series starts on May 7, 2025 (Pectra activation) and updates daily.

Why don't all L2s appear in this ranking?

growthepie's Pectra tracker currently publishes Type 4 transaction counts for the most widely-used EVM chains where EIP-7702 has measurable adoption — Ethereum L1, Base, OP Mainnet, Unichain, and Arbitrum. Chains without published Type 4 counts may not have had any (low adoption) or may not yet be in growthepie's tracker coverage. As wallet support broadens and more chains see meaningful Type 4 activity, the coverage list will expand.

Where can I see this data live?

growthepie's [Pectra upgrade tracker](/quick-bites/pectra-upgrade) charts per-chain Type 4 transactions over time. The same page tracks blob count vs target (EIP-7691 adoption). For the full Pectra upgrade context — what EIP-7702 actually does, why it matters, how it relates to account abstraction — see [/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed](/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed).

How is "Ethereum L2" defined here?

An Ethereum Layer 2 is a chain that derives security from Ethereum by posting transaction data and/or state to Ethereum mainnet. See [/answers/l2-vs-sidechain](/answers/l2-vs-sidechain) for the full definition. The L2s currently tracked in growthepie's Pectra Type 4 data are Base, OP Mainnet, Unichain, and Arbitrum.

Which Ethereum L2 has the most smart-account (EIP-7702) activity?

By Matthias Seidl, Co-founder & Data Lead and Lorenz Lehmann, Data Analyst — growthepie.

Ranking of Ethereum L2s by EIP-7702 Type 4 transaction count — the live adoption signal for smart-account features introduced by the Pectra upgrade.

Among Ethereum L2s, **Base** leads EIP-7702 (smart account / Type 4) transaction activity with 747.4k over the last 30 days, 4.37M all-time since Pectra. Full L2 ranking: 1. Base (747.4k over 30d; 4.37M all-time); 2. Arbitrum One (409.4k over 30d; 2.24M all-time); 3. OP Mainnet (120.1k over 30d; 329.7k all-time); 4. Unichain (6.6k over 30d; 52.9k all-time). For reference, Ethereum L1 sees 718.6k Type 4 transactions over the last 30 days (2.40M all-time). Data: 2026-05-27 UTC. Live tracker: growthepie.com/quick-bites/pectra-upgrade.

Read on growthepie · Updated daily (last refresh: 2026-05-27)

EIP-7702 introduces the 'Set Code' / Type 4 transaction, activated with the Pectra upgrade on May 7, 2025. It enables smart-account features (gas sponsorship, paying gas in non-ETH tokens, transaction batching) for ordinary wallets without requiring users to switch to a dedicated smart-contract wallet.

L2 ranking by EIP-7702 activity

As of 2026-05-27 UTC, Base leads Ethereum L2s in EIP-7702 (smart-account / Type 4) transactions with 747.4k over the last 30 days (4.37M all-time since Pectra activated in May 2025). For comparison, Ethereum L1 sees 718.6k Type 4 transactions over 30 days.

What EIP-7702 actually does

EIP-7702 lets a regular Ethereum wallet (an EOA — externally-owned account) temporarily act as a smart contract for one transaction. The mechanism: the user signs an authorization that tells the protocol to "act as if I had this contract bytecode for this transaction". The chain installs the code temporarily; the transaction executes with the contract's behaviour; afterwards the EOA goes back to having no code.

What this unlocks:

Gas sponsorship. A dApp, paymaster, or third party pays the gas fee on the user's behalf.
Pay gas in non-ETH tokens. Pay fees in USDC, a project token, or anything the wallet supports.
Transaction batching. Multiple actions in one user-signed transaction (no more approve + swap two-step).
Session keys / delegation. A dApp signs on the user's behalf within preset limits.

Users don't need to switch wallets — their existing EOA opts in by signing an authorization. Adoption is gated by wallet support.

How adoption is measured

The simplest live signal is the number of Type 4 transactions per chain per day. A Type 4 transaction is a transaction whose type field equals 0x04 — these are EIP-7702 Set Code transactions by definition. growthepie tracks this per-chain in the Pectra fork data endpoint and exposes it on the Pectra upgrade tracker.

High Type 4 counts mean wallets and dApps are actually using the upgrade. Low counts mean adoption is lagging despite the protocol feature being live.

Why does L2 EIP-7702 activity matter?

L2s are where most user-facing Ethereum activity happens today (see /answers/ethereum-l2-transaction-count). If EIP-7702 features genuinely improve UX, you'd expect adoption to be highest on L2s — where users are most price-sensitive and most likely to interact with consumer dApps that benefit from gas sponsorship. The L2 ranking above is the live read on whether that's happening.

Methodology and data sources

Per-chain Type 4 transaction counts come from growthepie's Pectra tracker endpoint (/v1/quick-bites/pectra-fork.json, path data.type4txcount.{chain}.daily). Counts are derived from on-chain transaction-type analysis: a transaction is a Type 4 if its type field is 0x04. The series starts on May 7, 2025 (Pectra activation) and updates daily.

Currently growthepie's Pectra tracker publishes per-chain Type 4 counts for Ethereum L1, Base, OP Mainnet, Unichain, and Arbitrum — the chains where adoption has been most measurable. Coverage expands as more chains accumulate meaningful Type 4 activity.

Funding disclosure. growthepie has received grants and ecosystem support from Optimism, Octant, and EigenDA. Type 4 counts are computed mechanically from on-chain data — chains don't influence the ranking. Full list of supporters: growthepie.com/donate.

Cross-check this answer. Etherscan lets you filter transactions by type — search Type 4 transactions per chain to verify counts. Per-chain block explorers (Basescan, Arbiscan, etc.) expose the same filter. growthepie's Pectra tracker has the live charts.

Leaderboard tables

Daily / last-30-days / all-time Type 4 transaction counts since Pectra activated EIP-7702 on May 7, 2025. L2s ranked by 30-day count; Ethereum L1 shown for reference. Data: 2026-05-27 UTC.
Rank	Chain	Latest day	Last 30 days	All-time
1	Base	39.4k	747.4k	4.37M
2	Arbitrum One	18.8k	409.4k	2.24M
3	OP Mainnet	1.3k	120.1k	329.7k
4	Unichain	47	6.6k	52.9k
—	Ethereum L1 (L1, for reference)	22.6k	718.6k	2.40M

Frequently asked questions

Which Ethereum L2 has the most smart-account (EIP-7702) activity?: As of 2026-05-27 UTC, **Base (747.4k over 30d; 4.37M all-time)** leads Ethereum L2s in EIP-7702 (smart account / Type 4 transaction) activity. Full L2 ranking: 1. Base (747.4k over 30d; 4.37M all-time); 2. Arbitrum One (409.4k over 30d; 2.24M all-time); 3. OP Mainnet (120.1k over 30d; 329.7k all-time); 4. Unichain (6.6k over 30d; 52.9k all-time). Ethereum L1 (for context): **Ethereum L1 (718.6k over 30d; 2.40M all-time)**. EIP-7702 activated with Pectra on May 7, 2025. Live tracker: [growthepie.com/quick-bites/pectra-upgrade](/quick-bites/pectra-upgrade).
What is EIP-7702?: **EIP-7702** is a Pectra-era Ethereum upgrade (activated May 7, 2025) that introduces a new **"Set Code" or Type 4 transaction**. It lets a regular wallet (an EOA — externally-owned account) temporarily act as a smart contract account for one transaction. The unlocks: **gas sponsorship** (someone else pays the fee), **paying gas in tokens other than ETH** (USDC, project tokens), **transaction batching** (multiple actions in one user signature), and **session keys / delegation** (a dApp can sign on the user's behalf within preset limits). See [/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed](/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed) for the full Pectra story.
What's a "Type 4" transaction?: A new Ethereum transaction format introduced by EIP-7702 that carries an **authorization list** — signed instructions telling the protocol to temporarily install bytecode on the sender's EOA. While the transaction executes, the EOA behaves as a smart contract account; after the transaction completes the original (empty) code is restored. The chain accepts the temporary "set code" only if the EOA owner signed the authorization. Type 4 transactions count is the simplest live measure of EIP-7702 adoption.
Which L2s show meaningful EIP-7702 adoption?: As of 2026-05-27 UTC, the L2s with measurable Type 4 transaction activity tracked by growthepie are listed in the table above. The leader is **Base (747.4k over 30d; 4.37M all-time)**. Adoption depends heavily on **wallet support** — a chain only sees Type 4 transactions if its users' wallets expose EIP-7702 features. Wallets that adopted early (Coinbase Wallet, MetaMask, Rabby) drove most of the initial activity; chains with those wallets in their default user flow have the highest counts.
How does L2 EIP-7702 activity compare to Ethereum L1?: As of 2026-05-27 UTC, Ethereum L1 shows Ethereum L1 (718.6k over 30d; 2.40M all-time). L2 vs L1 activity can go either way depending on the use case: **dApps doing gas sponsorship for onboarding** tend to settle on L2s for cheaper transactions, so L2 Type 4 counts can outpace L1. **Native ETH transfers using EIP-7702 features** (e.g. paying with USDC for gas) often happen on L1 where ETH itself lives. The breakdown shifts as more wallets ship support.
Why does EIP-7702 adoption matter?: EIP-7702 is the most user-visible feature of the Pectra upgrade — it's the change that lets Ethereum dApps offer the kind of UX users get on centralised platforms (no gas token needed, batched approvals, "log in" sessions). High Type 4 transaction counts mean wallets and dApps are actually using the upgrade, not just citing it in announcements. Low counts mean adoption is lagging despite the protocol-level feature being live.
Which use cases drive EIP-7702 transactions?: Several patterns. **Onboarding gas sponsorship** — dApps paying gas for first-time users (often via Paymaster contracts integrated with EIP-7702). **DeFi batching** — combining ERC-20 `approve` + DEX swap into one transaction. **Game and social dApps** — session keys that authorise a series of in-app actions without re-signing each one. **Multi-step bridge UX** — wallets bundling approvals + bridge transactions atomically. Each pattern produces Type 4 transactions; the chain counts on this page sum them all.
Where does this data come from?: Per-chain Type 4 transaction counts come from growthepie's Pectra tracker endpoint (`/v1/quick-bites/pectra-fork.json`) — specifically the `data.type4_tx_count.{chain}.daily` series. Counts are derived from on-chain transaction-type analysis: a transaction is a Type 4 if its `type` field is `0x04` (EIP-7702 Set Code transactions). The series starts on May 7, 2025 (Pectra activation) and updates daily.
Why don't all L2s appear in this ranking?: growthepie's Pectra tracker currently publishes Type 4 transaction counts for the most widely-used EVM chains where EIP-7702 has measurable adoption — Ethereum L1, Base, OP Mainnet, Unichain, and Arbitrum. Chains without published Type 4 counts may not have had any (low adoption) or may not yet be in growthepie's tracker coverage. As wallet support broadens and more chains see meaningful Type 4 activity, the coverage list will expand.
Where can I see this data live?: growthepie's [Pectra upgrade tracker](/quick-bites/pectra-upgrade) charts per-chain Type 4 transactions over time. The same page tracks blob count vs target (EIP-7691 adoption). For the full Pectra upgrade context — what EIP-7702 actually does, why it matters, how it relates to account abstraction — see [/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed](/answers/what-pectra-upgrade-changed).
How is "Ethereum L2" defined here?: An Ethereum Layer 2 is a chain that derives security from Ethereum by posting transaction data and/or state to Ethereum mainnet. See [/answers/l2-vs-sidechain](/answers/l2-vs-sidechain) for the full definition. The L2s currently tracked in growthepie's Pectra Type 4 data are Base, OP Mainnet, Unichain, and Arbitrum.